-startle response to sound -visually tracks or moves eyes to sound -attends and turns head to ward voice -smiles reflexively -cries for assistance -quiets when picked up -vocalizes predominately vowels

-varies pitch vocalizations -moves or looks to family members when they are named -responds to name (5 months) -vocalizes pleasure and displeasures -varies volume, pitch and rate of vocalization

-looks at common objects when named -comprehends "no" -uncovers hidden toy (beginning of object permanence -imitates intonation of speech sound by others (9 months) -uses variegated babbling e.g (mabamaba)

-understands up to 10 words -uses first true word -obeys some commands -turns head instantly to own name -understands simple directions regarding body action -gestures or vocalizes to indicate wants and needs -jabbers loudly; uses a wide variety of sounds and intonations -uses consonant and vowel variations

-Uses one word to represent a complex idea -most children produce 50 words by 18 months -understand about 200 words by 18 months

-produces 50 words by 18 months -begins to combine words between 18-24 months -at 24 months uses three or more words to combine sentences -nearly half of all words are nouns

-uses 3-4 word phrases -sentences in subject verb object format (daddy throw ball) -expressive vocabulary 200-600 words -at 3 years a child can comprehend up to 3,600 words

-uses "and", "because" to connect sentences -averages of 5 words per sentences -uses 900-1,000 words expressively -asks "wh" questions -answers "what if" questions - uses opposite analogies -can maintain conversations

-average 6 word sentences -comprehends 5,600 words -can name items in categories -uses why and how -expressively uses 1,500-2,00 words -begins to tell jokes and riddles -modifies speech based on listener